RBI RISK BASED INSPECTION

Chapter I

What is RBI Risk Based Inspection?

  • Strategic, systematic process for identifying risk and managing risk and its associated costs
  • Integrated, data-based methodology that factors risk into inspection decision making
  • Includes likelihood of failure (LOF) and consequence of failure (COF)
  • Includes both qualitative and quantitative analysis
  • Prioritizes relative and/or absolute risk
  • Identifies areas requiring risk mitigation

Approaches to RBI  Risk Based Inspection

  • There are many different types of RBI analysis

Proposed API Recommended Practice 580

  • Status – Currently in final balloting stage
  • Focus of this Course

ASME Inspection Planning Standard

  • Major focus is on nuclear and fossil power generation

Integration of API Practices

  • API RP 580, Risk Based Inspection is integrated with other practices
  •  API Code 510, Pressure Vessels
  • API Code 570, Piping
  • API Standard 653, Storage Tanks
  • API RP 579 Fitness-for-Service
  • API RP 750 Management of Process Hazards
  • API RP 571–577, Inspection of Equipment Types
  • API RP 578, Positive Materials Identification
  • Proprietary commercial methods
  • Owner-User methods

Purpose of RBI Risk Based Inspection

  • Risk Based Inspection is a methodology of basic elements which is expected to provide a linkage of risks with appropriate inspection or other risk mitigations activities to manage the risks.

Scope of RBI Risk Based Inspection

  • The risk management principles and concepts that RBI is built on are universally applicable
  • RBI, as will be discussed, is targeted for the hydrocarbon industry
  1. Petroleum
  2. Gas
  3. Chemicals
  4. Petrochemicals                                                                                                                                                                                                                                RBI principles will work in any industry exposed to risk

 

  • Other Aspects of Scope
  1. Flexibility in Application
  2. Mechanical Integrity Focus
  3. Equipment Covered & Not Covered

Flexibility in Application of RBI Risk Based Inspection

  • Flexibility addresses:
  1. Diversity of Organizational Size and Culture
  2. Regulatory Requirements
  3. Corporate Risk Management Practices
  4. Unique Local Circumstances
  • Other Aspects
  1. Attributes of a Quality Risk Assessment Program
  2. Imposition of Undue Constraints on Users
  3. Provides Consistency

Mechanical Integrity Focus of RBI Risk Based Inspection

  • RBI process is focused on maintaining the mechanical integrity of pressure equipment and minimize risk of loss of containment
  • RBI Complements
  1. Fitness-for-Service of RBI Risk Based Inspection
  • Management of acceptable risk and mitigation of risk
  1. Process Hazard Analysis
  • Inspection relates to deterioration mechanisms
  1. Reliability Centered Maintenance
  • Both focus on understanding failure modes

Scope of Equipment in RBI Risk Based Inspection

  • Covered Equipment
  1. Pressure Vessels
  2. Process Piping
  3. Heat Exchangers
  4. Heaters and Boilers
  5. Storage Tanks
  6. Rotating Equipment
  • Pressure boundary
  1. Pressure Relief Devices
  • Excluded Equipment
  1. Instrumentation
  2. Control Systems
  3. Electrical Systems
  4. Structural Systems
  5. Machinery Components

Implementation by API

  • API Code 510, Pressure Vessels
  • API Code 570, Piping
  • API Standard 653, Storage Tanks
  • API RP 579 Fitness-for-Service
  • API RP 750 Management of Process Hazards
  • API RP 571–577, Inspection of Equipment Types
  • API RP 578, Positive Materials Identification
  • API Publ. 581, API RBI Methodology/Software

API RP 580 RBI Risk Based Inspection and Publ. 581 Differences

  • API RP 580 RBI Risk Based Inspection
  1. Outlines conceptual approaches and necessary elements to be included in a quality RBI effort
  2. Inclusive of several approaches to RBI available for numerous sources
  • API Publication 581
  1. Outlines the specific RBI methodology developed by the API RBI sponsor group
  2. It is one step-by-step approach to RBI that contains all the necessary elements to satisfy RP 580

Comparison of API and ASME Risk Based Inspection Practices

  • No philosophical differences
  • Differences in documents
  1. Differences in scope and goals
  • ASME project aims at developing guidelines for inspection
  • API project intended to develop usable tools and methodologies for the plant level
  • API project builds on ASME methods but with appropriate simplification

Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) Linkage

  • PHA + RBI =Total Process and Mechanical Integrity Hazards Analysis Associated with Operating Plants

Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) Linkage

  • RCM + RBI =Total Reliability and Pressure Integrity Analysis for Functional Breakdown and Leak/Rupture

 

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